top of page

BLOG

Writer's picturePeter Lamont, Esq.

Understanding the Difference Between Libel and Slander

Defamation: Libel and Slander

Libel and Slander

What is Defamation?

Defamation is a false statement presented as a fact that injures a party's reputation. It involves the communication of a statement that unjustly harms the reputation of an individual or entity. The law recognizes that one's reputation is valuable and deserving of protection against false statements. Defamation law provides a remedy for individuals whose reputations have been wrongfully damaged by such statements.


Defamation can be categorized into two distinct types: libel and slander. While both involve making false statements that harm someone's reputation, they differ primarily in the medium through which the defamatory statements are communicated.


What is Libel?

Libel refers to defamatory statements that are written, printed, or otherwise recorded in a permanent form. This can include newspapers, books, magazines, online articles, social media posts, and even certain types of broadcast media if the statements are scripted and pre-recorded. The key characteristic of libel is its permanence; once the defamatory statement is made, it exists in a lasting form that can be repeatedly accessed and shared.


Due to its enduring nature, libel is often considered more harmful than slander. The law recognizes that written statements have a broader reach and can cause more lasting damage to a person's reputation. Therefore, in libel cases, the plaintiff may not need to prove actual damages, as harm is presumed due to the permanent nature of the statement.


What is Slander?

Slander, on the other hand, involves defamatory statements that are spoken and transient. These statements are not recorded and do not have a lasting presence. Examples of slander include defamatory remarks made during a conversation, a speech, or a live broadcast.


Because slanderous statements are fleeting, they are often considered less harmful than libel. As a result, plaintiffs in slander cases generally must prove that they suffered actual harm or damages as a result of the defamatory statement. However, there are exceptions known as "slander per se," where certain statements are considered so inherently damaging that harm is presumed. These include accusations of criminal conduct, allegations that someone has a contagious or loathsome disease, statements that harm a person's profession or business, and claims of sexual misconduct.


Legal Causes of Action for Libel and Slander

To establish a legal cause of action for either libel or slander, the plaintiff must generally prove the following elements:

  1. A Defamatory Statement: The statement must harm the reputation of the plaintiff.

  2. Falsity: The statement must be false.

  3. Publication: The statement must be communicated to a third party.

  4. Fault: The defendant must be at fault, typically through negligence or actual malice.

  5. Damages: The plaintiff must show that they suffered harm as a result of the statement.


Specifics for Libel and Slander

  • Libel: Due to its permanent nature, damages in libel cases are often presumed. The plaintiff might not need to prove actual harm as the defamatory nature of the statement and its publication can be enough.

  • Slander: The plaintiff must typically show specific harm or damages unless the statement falls into a category of slander per se, which includes accusations of criminal conduct, allegations affecting professional reputation, claims that someone has a loathsome disease, or statements implying sexual misconduct.


Potential Risks of Posting Negative Feedback Online

Posting negative feedback about others online carries significant legal risks. Even if the feedback is intended as an opinion, it can be interpreted as a factual assertion, potentially leading to defamation claims. Online statements are considered libel due to their written and permanent nature.


For example, imagine you had a negative experience with a restaurant and posted a review claiming, "This restaurant gave me food poisoning because they have unsanitary kitchens." If this statement is not true and the restaurant suffers harm to its reputation and business as a result, you could be sued for libel. Even if you genuinely believed your statement to be true, if you cannot prove it, you could still face legal consequences.

Another example involves social media posts. Suppose you write a post about a former employer, stating, "My boss at XYZ Company is a thief who embezzles money." If this accusation is false and damages the employer's reputation, you could be liable for libel. The permanent nature of online posts means they can be shared widely and have a lasting impact, increasing the potential harm.


Therefore, it is crucial to ensure that any negative feedback posted online is truthful, accurately represented, and devoid of false accusations. By doing so, you can mitigate the risk of defamation lawsuits and avoid legal troubles.


Conclusion

Both forms of defamation can have serious legal consequences, and it's crucial to be mindful of the statements we make, whether in writing or speech. Before posting any negative feedback online, consider the truthfulness and potential impact of your words. Defamation laws are in place to protect individuals' reputations, and being aware of these laws can help you avoid legal pitfalls.



 

Contact us today to discuss your business or legal matter. Put our 20+ years of legal experience to work for you.

 

For detailed insights and legal assistance on topics discussed in this post, including litigation, contact the Law Offices of Peter J. Lamont at our Bergen County Office. We're here to answer your questions and provide legal advice. Contact us at (201) 904-2211 or email us at  info@pjlesq.com.


Interested in More Legal Insights?

Explore our range of resources on business and legal matters. Subscribe to our podcast and YouTube channel for a wealth of information covering various business and legal topics. For specific inquiries or to discuss your legal matter with an attorney from our team, please email me directly at pl@pjlesq.com or call at (201) 904-2211. Your questions are important to us, and we look forward to providing the answers you need.

Litigation Attorney Peter Lamont

About Peter J. Lamont, Esq.

Peter J. Lamont is a nationally recognized attorney with significant experience in business, contract, litigation, and real estate law. With over two decades of legal practice, he has represented a wide array of businesses, including large international corporations. Peter is known for his practical legal and business advice, prioritizing efficient and cost-effective solutions for his clients.


Peter has an Avvo 10.0 Rating and has been acknowledged as one of America's Most Honored Lawyers since 2011. 201 Magainze and Lawyers of Distinction have also recognized him for being one of the top business and litigation attorneys in New Jersey. His commitment to his clients and the legal community is further evidenced by his active role as a speaker, lecturer, and published author in various legal and business publications.


As the founder of the Law Offices of Peter J. Lamont, Peter brings his Wall Street experience and client-focused approach to New Jersey, offering personalized legal services that align with each client's unique needs and goals​.

 

DISCLAIMERS: The contents of this website and post are intended to convey general information only and not to provide legal advice or opinions. The contents of this website and the posting and viewing of the information on this website should not be construed as, and should not be relied upon for, legal or tax advice in any particular circumstance or fact situation. Nothing on this website is an offer to represent you, and nothing on this website is intended to create an attorney‑client relationship. An attorney-client relationship may only be established through direct attorney‑to‑client communication that is confirmed by the execution of an engagement agreement.


As with any legal issue, it is important that you obtain competent legal counsel before making any decisions about how to respond to a subpoena or whether to challenge one - even if you believe that compliance is not required. Because each situation is different, it may be impossible for this article to address all issues raised by every situation encountered in responding to a subpoena. The information below can give you guidance regarding some common issues related to subpoenas, but you should consult with an attorney before taking any actions (or refraining from acts) based on these suggestions. Separately, this post will focus on New Jersey law. If you receive a subpoena in a state other than New Jersey, you should immediately seek the advice of an attorney in your state, as certain rules differ in other states.


Disclaimer: Recognition by Legal Awards

The legal awards and recognitions mentioned above are not an endorsement or a guarantee of future performance. These honors reflect an attorney's past achievements and should not be considered as predictors of future results. They are not intended to compare one lawyer's services with other lawyers' services. The process for selecting an attorney for these awards can vary and may not include a review of the lawyer's competence in specific areas of practice. Potential clients should perform their own evaluation when seeking legal representation. No aspect of this advertisement has been approved by the Supreme Court of New Jersey.


0 comments

Comments

Rated 0 out of 5 stars.
No ratings yet

Add a rating
bottom of page